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Democratic Legitimacy of Global Economic Institutions (World Bank, IMF, WTO)
Krajník, Jan ; Parízek, Michal (advisor) ; Romancov, Michael (referee)
This paper addresses democratic legitimacy of the global economic institutions - The International Monetary Fund, The World Bank and The World Trade Organization. Considering formal aspects one of the main differences among them is the way of decision making. The WTO voting is based on country one, one vote principle whereas the IMF and the Bank represents weighted voting derived from the economic power. It is generally considered, that the egalitarian principle of the WTO is more democratic and brings better legitimacy. There are used three models of democracy to conceptualize what is meant by democracy a how is legitimacy gained. These are classical Athens democracy, Schumpeter's model competition of elites and modern concept of cosmopolitan democracy. With growing importance of these international organizations dealing with issues of monetary stability, economic development and international trade it is necessary to focus on them from the perspective of an individual citizen. For this reason, the Banzhaf index of power for each country related to its population is used to measure influence of individual citizen in these organizations. And from this perspective the WTO voting yields bigger disparities among citizens of different countries. Nevertheless different types of voting are not the key...
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The influence of the European states in the Council of European Union and the Lisbon treaty changes
Šimko, Benjamín ; Dubský, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Abrhám, Josef (referee)
This thesis analyzes the influence of European countries in the Council of European Union. Firstly, it presents specific features of this main decision-making body of EU, then introduces the sources of power of the member states, particularly the voting power. In connection with the Lisbon treaty having come into force the thesis presents its impacts on the power distribution in the Council, on efficiency and equity. Lisbon treaty improves the efficiency, however the equity will suffer. Finally, it considers the impact of future enlargement on the power distribution and sustainability of the voting system.
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